Oral pain can result from causes other than caries and periodontitis.
Other etiologies to consider include:
- Burning Mouth Syndrome is more prevalent in women
- 1-2% and up to 40% of women in menopause
- Causes include medications (ACE inhibitors), candidiasis, B12 deficiency, dry mouth, and idiopathic
- Screen for underlying conditions and correct as needed
- For idiopathic causes, tricyclic antidepressants and gabapentin may improve symptoms
- Tooth Erosion discomfort
- Significant GERD and eating disorders like bulimia should be considered and addressed
- Lifestyle changes, diet modfications, and H2 blockers or PPIs can aid in management of GERD
- Bulimia management requires a more comprehensive approach involving behavioral and psychological health experts
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) pain
- Include the TMJ as part of a through exam for mouth pain
- Dental referral for a mouth guard fitting may be appropriate
- Oral trauma (broken teeth, lip or gingival lacerations). If discovered as the cause of mouth pain, screen for domestic violence.